Friday, December 31, 2010
Saint Sylvestre/New Years Eve in Paris
It's New Year's Eve, or 'la Saint-Sylvestre' in Paris and in keeping with tradition, there are a few things to expect of tonight/today - the eating of New Years' Eve staples - foie gras, papillotes and the drinking of mulled wine along with crucial, sparkling white alcoholic beverages to usher in 2011!
There is no excuse whatsoever to not join in tonight's festivities. The city provides a very enabling environment for celebration and the ushering in of a new year tailored to the tastes of this beautiful, cosmopolitan organism that is called Paris!
There is plenty on queue that can be easily accessed through google - it's quite fun to get educated on New Year's Eve traditions here, and all that I can say is that I'm excited and privileged to be here. Well, apart from the prospect of being witness to young men with overly high levels of testosterone burning people's cars in honour of the New Year - pretty much everything else seems open to the possibilities of a terrific New Years Eve in the city of lights!
Wikipedia gives an interesting contextualisation of New Years Eve in France, describing it as such:
New Years Eve in France
The French call New Year's Eve "la Saint-Sylvestre". It is usually celebrated with a feast called le Réveillon de la Saint-Sylvestre (also called Cap d'Any in Northern Catalonia). This feast customarily includes special dishes like foie gras, seafood such as oysters and drinks like champagne. The celebration can be a simple, intimate dinner with friends and family or a much fancier ball (une soirée dansante).
On le Jour de l'An (New Year's Day), friends and family exchange New Year's resolutions kisses and wishes, the main ones being "Bonne Année", Bonheur, Sante, Amour, Argent ("Good Year", Happiness, Health, Love and Money). Some people eat desserts made of ice cream[19]
The holiday period ends on January 6 (The Twelfth Night) for the Epiphany, or Jour des Rois. On this day, they celebrate the Wise Men, eating a traditional type of flat pastry cake, la galette des rois, most often two sheets of puff pastry, filled with frangipane (almond paste). The cake contains a fève, small china character, that whoever finds becomes king or queen and get to wear a gold paper crown, then chose their partner. This tradition can last up to two weeks."
of the best sites on travel to Paris gives an extensive guide on what to do on New Years Eve in Paris - here
And it was quite nice seeing the Eiffel tower at news years eve 2009/2010 in this clip of New year celbrations around the world on France 24
While it's highly unlikely that I'll find myself at an energetic New Years' Eve party o club full of young undergraduates - this site for students on what to do tonight was interesting to look at for ideas. A couple of them, including dinner on a cruise on the Seine were interesting, but pricy little ideas on how to usher in the new year.
With all of this information - insight into preceding New Year's Eve celebrations, cultural practices ( what to say and eat ; anunderstanding of the risks ( car-burning disgruntled youth), Associated benefits (free transport on the metro) and the diverse options and market for "Saint-Sylvestre" celebrants - I'm ready to usher in 2011!!
Thursday, December 30, 2010
Pivotal Paris Politics - 2010 France in Retrospect
It's the enf of yet another year - and in keeping with the season, lonely editors and reporters, and dedicated ones too - take this down time to pull together the highlights of the past year. often compelling them into the "best of...' whatever it is books, movies ... whatever it is ...of the year. Living in Paris has been very interesting politically. Being at the centre of a very centralised political entity - Paris is where most of the news happens in France. Given several cultural and historical factors - Paris is not only the de jure and de facto political, cutural, historical centre of France - it holds a monopoly over the entire country's political agenda. At least this is what the past year's news stories seem to confirm.
France 24 describes 2010 as the " year of unrest and soul-searching in France, marked by political scandals, painful social reforms, a crackdown on Roma migrants and heated debates on national identity and the "burqa ban". " in this look at the "Big Stories of 2010"
Arguably, the common thread of 2010 has been the demonstration of the importance of the politics that takes place almost squarely here in Paris - and in the executive branch of government. And by implication, the absence of other viable centres of political power to counter balance "Paris" and the Champs Elysees. Next year will bear much of the same - if not more - as the presidency moves closer to 2012 where elections are due. As was the case in 2010, 2011 will likely only further underscore that France is perhaps not necessarily governed by 'the people' but is necessarily run from its disproportionately powerful centre, Paris.
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Rising River Seine
France 24 among others reports on the river Seine recording exceptionally high water levels - apparently the highest since 1910.
There isn't much evidence of any official acknowledgement of an imminent flooding of the Seine's banks (or any apparent bursting of the river toward the streets of central Paris!) - but should it happen, that should make for some interesting times in the city.
Click here for an interesting France24 piece on the rising Seine.
Paris' "Most beautiful metro stops"
'Why Go :Paris " , a brilliant travel website, gives beautiful pictures of some of the most stunning Paris metro stops.
Click here for a link to a set of 'sweet' images of some of the city's pretty, pretty interesting and interesting-looking metro stops.
"Metrostop Paris" by Gregor Dallas
I recently picked up an entertaining read that I knew would be interesting from line one of Chapter one which reads "The best time to visit Metrostop No. 1, Denfert-Rochereau is in the morning of Paris's first day at work, which for most people in Paris is on a Tuesday."
Call it love at first line. This book is an engaging. light- read that takes the reader on a history tour of twelve metro stops around the city. The book strikes a great balance between offering insights of the city that are of historic value while offering entertaining anecdotes and tales of the city that this blogger is head over heels about.
Greg Dallas' "Metrostop Paris: History from the City's Heart" is a worhtwhile read for all Paris lovers and great bed side reading, or better still a great read to take on the metro to the various stops described by Dallas.
Amazon.com describes the book perfectly:
"The book includes visits to Paris’s catacombs at ‘Hell’s Gate’, the literary cafés and old jazz cellars of Montparnasse and Saint-Germain-des-Prés and the seventeenth-century alleys of the Marais, along with trips to the Palais-Royal at the time of the Revolution and the world of opera during Claude Debussy’s lifetime. Through the eyes of the existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, Dallas describes the German occupation of Paris during the Second World War and the intellectual wars that immediately followed. A visit to the futuristic Cité de la Science at La Villette prompts the story of the Marquis de Morès, the French ‘cowboy’ and anti-Semite, who was eventually murdered by tribesmen of the Sahara Desert in 1896. Outside the Jesuit church of Saint-Paul Dallas tells us about Gabriel de Montgomery – forgotten ancestor of Montgomery of Alamein – who accidentally killed his king just there and, after leading the Protestant armies against Catherine de Medicis, was executed on the Place de Grève. This exciting journey through time and space concludes at the Cemetery Père Lachaise with the unknown tale of Oscar Wilde’s strange involvement in the Dreyfus Affair, the greatest legal scandal of all time."
Call it love at first line. This book is an engaging. light- read that takes the reader on a history tour of twelve metro stops around the city. The book strikes a great balance between offering insights of the city that are of historic value while offering entertaining anecdotes and tales of the city that this blogger is head over heels about.
Greg Dallas' "Metrostop Paris: History from the City's Heart" is a worhtwhile read for all Paris lovers and great bed side reading, or better still a great read to take on the metro to the various stops described by Dallas.
Amazon.com describes the book perfectly:
"The book includes visits to Paris’s catacombs at ‘Hell’s Gate’, the literary cafés and old jazz cellars of Montparnasse and Saint-Germain-des-Prés and the seventeenth-century alleys of the Marais, along with trips to the Palais-Royal at the time of the Revolution and the world of opera during Claude Debussy’s lifetime. Through the eyes of the existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, Dallas describes the German occupation of Paris during the Second World War and the intellectual wars that immediately followed. A visit to the futuristic Cité de la Science at La Villette prompts the story of the Marquis de Morès, the French ‘cowboy’ and anti-Semite, who was eventually murdered by tribesmen of the Sahara Desert in 1896. Outside the Jesuit church of Saint-Paul Dallas tells us about Gabriel de Montgomery – forgotten ancestor of Montgomery of Alamein – who accidentally killed his king just there and, after leading the Protestant armies against Catherine de Medicis, was executed on the Place de Grève. This exciting journey through time and space concludes at the Cemetery Père Lachaise with the unknown tale of Oscar Wilde’s strange involvement in the Dreyfus Affair, the greatest legal scandal of all time."
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
J'♥ Le Plomb du Cantal, Paris
Revisited a restaurant introduced to me by a good friend - "Le Plomb du Cantal" for hearty South Western France cooking. There are simply no words to describe how delicious and divine the food is here - I am even a bit weepy out of sheer joy and pleasure.
The address to this delicious cure from the winter blues is 4 Boulevard Saint-Denis, 75010 Paris. For further directions, click HERE.
And, it seems that the place has several other very good recommendations from happy, well fed customers - click HERE
The address to this delicious cure from the winter blues is 4 Boulevard Saint-Denis, 75010 Paris. For further directions, click HERE.
And, it seems that the place has several other very good recommendations from happy, well fed customers - click HERE
Concert: Notre Dame de Paris
Cathedrale Notre dame de Paris - Puer Natus Est Highlight from George on Vimeo.
A highlight from " Puer Natus Est" a concert in medieval latin hosted by Cathedrale Notre Dame de Paris.
Well, my highlight video here is as grainy and unclear as they come - but suffice to say the concert was a great experience with music dating back to times before and around the completion of Cathedrale Notre Dame around 1345.
Directed by Sylvain Dieudonne, this religiously themed concert around the propechy of a Judeo-Christian prophet, Isaiah about the birth of a child - king was both a tantalising glimpse into the style of music that woud have been sung around the establishment of the Cathedral - and food for thought on some of the theological roots of the Christmas Season.
File - Save As - Christmas 2010. File - New - Save As - Bienvenue 2011 :-)
Paris Christmas, Favourite Things from George on Vimeo.
New Year celebrations are quite a significant time of the festive season here in Paris where well wishes for a "Bonne Annee" are exchanged throughout the month of January, according to an old Parisian I know.
So, it's time to quickly file and save the beautiful memories of Christmas in Paris, 2010 and get ready to enjoy New Year's Eve...
Far from embodying the 'true meaning of Christmas' , the things that I enjoyed most about the past Christmas season had to do with the simpler, more superficial parts of being in Paris. Simple things such as hot chocolate at Hall 1900 Bistrot Cafe ,stained glass windows, "licking the windows" (leche vitrine) of Louis Vuitton, gifts from Sephora :-), walks down the Champs Elysees, Catholic Chapels lit with votive candles....and "snowflakes that stay(ed) on my nose and eye lashes...."
Monday, December 27, 2010
Louvre Auditorium Concerts
Stumbled across an interesting BBC piece on talent scouting at the Louvre auditorium.
The next concert seems to be scheduled for the 6th of January according to the Louvre's programme (in French).
Hoping to get a glimpse of an auditorium that has showcased contemporary and classic musicians, speakers, 'grand masters' of the arts and the like, soon.
The Louvre seems to be open to the public for free on the first Sunday of each month (great to know if you are a student on a budget! :-)
Sunday, December 26, 2010
"Skyline": Holiday movie expedition 3
Skyline NEW Official Trailer 2011
envoyé par juimte22. - Les dernières bandes annonces en ligne.
Just watched "Skyline" and good news is that in an apocalyptic alien invasion, Paris emerges unharmed by an army of brain eating extra-terrestrial beings. New York, London, and Frankfurt are not as lucky.
There are several, mixed reviews of the rest of the movie. On one hand. there seems to be general agreement that the movie does well in creating and presenting brilliant special effects. Whether the plot, characters and themes are compelling is doubtful in the minds of many professional movie critics. It seems to be performing decently at box offices worldwide.
I left the movie with the sense that the makers of the film left plenty of room for improvement un-used. They clearly tried their best with what they had available to them - a small cast of characters and widely reported budgetary constraints. But, I'll leave cinematic criticism to expert opinion!
Saturday, December 25, 2010
Paris in "The Tourist" (Angelina Jolie/Johnny Depp): Expedition 2
The Tourist - Extrait "Elise" [VO-HD]
envoyé par Eklecty-City. - Regardez des web séries et des films.
Just finished watching "The Tourist" with Angelina Jolie and Johnny Depp:
The film opens with scenes shot in Paris, including the dialogue above: and i was wondering about where the Paris scenes were taken. And, apparently the Paris scene above, and the preceding ones in the movie, where shot at Galerie Vivienne (pictured below) according to material released earlier this year by AFP:
Galerie Viviene's elegance comes out pretty well in "The Tourist" while doing Paris proud. The movie itself is a remake of an old French thriler that has received very mixed reviews thus far, but is okay entertainment if only to catch a glimpse of Paris on the big screen - and Angelina Jolie's gorgeousness.
Link to Galerie Viviene Website
Cathedralé Notre Dame de Paris: On the night of Christmas
Friday, December 24, 2010
Midnight mass, a walk down Champs Elysees
0215 am: Christmas morning, just returned from attending a midnight mass at an Anglican parish close to the Champs Elysees. Surreally beautiful - a perfect mix of lovely setting, a great hymn selection, time tested tradition and a tinge of relevant, modern commentary - couldn't have imagined a better way to get into the spirit of the day...
Two of my favourite images from the parish were its wooden nativity scene and its modestly furnished altar arrangement:
Restaurants and others were still wide open along the Champs Elysees, so the natural response to talk a post midnight stroll down Champs Elysees, and grab a midnight snack :-)...
Two of my favourite images from the parish were its wooden nativity scene and its modestly furnished altar arrangement:
Restaurants and others were still wide open along the Champs Elysees, so the natural response to talk a post midnight stroll down Champs Elysees, and grab a midnight snack :-)...
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
Christmas in Paris Collage Part One
Christmas in Paris Collage (1)
envoyé par Georgetaf. - Voyage et découverte en vidéo.
Christmas in Paris offers opportunities to enjoy Paris' sacred and secular sites at a very unique, festive time of the year. This collage puts together new and old images of the city taken over the past month. More to follow!
Tuesday, December 21, 2010
Louis Vuitton and La Madeleine
Paris - Luis Vuitton, La Madeleine
envoyé par Georgetaf. - Découvrez de nouvelles destinations en vidéo.
It's the season for setting up nativity scenes and window displays, some of which I posted here a few weeks ago. Today, I caught a glimpse of two nativity scenes - sacred and secular but both highly unique. Louis Vuitton on Champs Elysees, with windows adorned with Christmasy-goodies with highly interesting price tags - and the Madeleine, which ditched the traditional Mary and Joseph, baby Jesus and on looking animal nativity scene for a post modern nativity scene. The scene, somewhat captured here on video, is all about symbology and geometry - with the wood used to construct this postmodern minimalist scene representing Joseph and the veil being a symbol for christianity's Dame, Mary. It's a different, brave work of art given that people tend to be conservative when it comes to what elements should be part of a nativity scene. Depending on your taste, the scene at la Madeleine is either thought provoking - capturing the mysticism that characterises the Christmas story - or an overly brave post modernist venture. And as for Louis Vuitton, well, for the student seeing handbags that cost way more than your tuition and living costs of living in Paris is at the least, thought provoking.
Paris Voice: 'Webzine' for English speaking Parisians
Came across a useful link to a 'webzine' for English speaking Parisians (click on the heading above)
The webzine seems to be a useful collection of events in and around Paris, travel to various parts of France, practical tips on life in Paris - and several other useful bits of info for Parisians still brushing up on their French and not confident enough to browse through pages of fully fledged French! :-)
Monday, December 20, 2010
Franco-American Winter Prescription
The response was surprising and filled with disgust after she heard that we were at Starbucks - or in her words "the American place?!" A few French folk that I have come across speak with utter disdain at the idea of setting one's feet in Starbucks, which has not managed to establish much of a presence outside of Paris. Be that as it may, this holiday season - as with others, the "Mocha Praline is on offer and is well worth at least tasting and taking at least once a week or so. it's a light prescription to choose if you have to visit Starbucks while in Paris (Be warned, some people do not look very favourably upon people who visit the place :-))
I must say though that perhaps one of the best cups of hot chocolate to be had during the winter is available at "Hall 1900" (Bistrot Corse) - which is at 64 Rambuteau-75003. The "Chocolat Viennois" here is a beautiful, rich chocolate drink that's difficult to describe accurately in words. This traditional French restaurant has a signature old school French bistro feel to it and is reasonably priced.
An advisable prescription for the winter is a powerful combination of Mocha Praline from Starbucks and a regular in take of Bistrot Corse's hot chocolate.The latter comes as highly recommended! :-)
Sunday, December 19, 2010
La Defense, Vapiano
Vapiano, la defense
envoyé par Georgetaf. - Explorez des lieux exotiques en vidéo.
Finally visited the version of Vapiano in La Defense - and must say that it's certainly worth a visit. The food is in keeping with what you'd experience at Vapiano pizza/pasta bars elsewhere in the world, the interior design is great and it's an all in all fantastic experience. The menu is slightly higher than the German one. but this is not significant - it's worth the little extra bit! As winter approaches, Vapiano is perhaps PAris' best kept new secret thus far - the warm inviting interiors, the deliciously fresh pasta and great pizza are a perfect combination to keep the winter blues away.
Saturday, December 18, 2010
Holiday Season Cinematic expeditions1: "Rapunzel", "Raiponce"/ "Tangled"
12 am in Paris, just returned from watching Disney's 50th animated motion picture, an interpretation of Rapunzel Raiponce in French).
The movie's also being marketed as "Tangled" in other markets.
Well, Walt Disney delivers a deliciously beautiful, family friendly treat for 'kids from 1 to 92' in keeping with its' well-earned reputation for
offering tasteful escapism and adding light to the holiday season.
The movie however underscores that while Disney is becoming more mature, it's comfortable with moving with the times - and is accordingly s presented in 3D format. Nonetheless, the#D aspect only serves to enhance the Walt Disney magic ingredients that anyone who has grown up on a steady diet of Disney movies will appreciate for their familiar look and feel: A fantastic soundtrack, a great interpretation of a cherished childhood fairytale mixed with a generous portion of tasteful humour.
Raiponce is a light hearted way to kick of the last stretch of an interesting year at the movies- the year of Inception, Wall Street, Eat Pray Love' and so forth. It certainly is worth the time and other investments that go with going out to the movies in the snow when you can spend time with loved ones at home.
(The video above is one that I stumbled across on youtube of images taken from the movie played to a signature Disney movie ballad. Beautiful)
Setting the Scene
Friday, December 17, 2010
Hotel de Ville at Christmas
Hotel De Ville, Christmas
envoyé par Georgetaf. - Voyage et découverte en vidéo.
Each year, an ice rink is set up right in front of Hotel de Ville for those with great coordination between their different joints. It's a fun activit..
Note, however, that it's not completely safe from show offs eager to put their ice skating skills on display :-)!
Here are a few mobile phone images of the public ice skating rink at a Hotel de Ville decked with christmas lighting.
'The Seasons' - Paris Winter
The Seasons: December, Paris
envoyé par Georgetaf. - Voyage et découverte en vidéo.
As christmas approaches, and winter makes here beautiful entrance with gentle snowfall, Paris looks prettier than ever. These are images of Paris weather doing it's best to make sure we have a white Christmas next weekend. Sugar frosted lawns, sidewalks and streets - Paris breaking into winter is a sight for sore eyes.
Thursday, December 16, 2010
This video is "Soo Paris"!
Barbra Streisand gone wild in Paris from Niels A. JANIN on Vimeo.
With Duck Sauce's dance music-hit of 2010, " Barbra Streisand" in the background, this is a brilliant video capturing the Paris that this blogger loves and can't wait to enjoy in greater measure when exams come to an end tomorrow evening - well, until the 4th of January that is, when the next batch of exams commence. In the meantime though, this is a fantastic collage of various points in the city that I enjoy visiting.
Wednesday, December 15, 2010
Snowy Paris
Snowy Paris
envoyé par Georgetaf. - Evadez-vous en vidéo.a very few images of snow in Paris, at the height of end of term exams and papers. The images capute snow both real and 'man made'. Apparently, the lights on the Champs Elysees are supposed to have the appearance of bright, constantly falling electrical(?!) snow..
Tuesday, December 7, 2010
Nighttime Paris
Paris at Night
envoyé par Georgetaf. - Explorez des lieux exotiques en vidéo.
These are random images of Paris at night , taken from a mobile. It's remarkable how every corner seems to be well lit - and how the city lives up to being the "city of light". While the name was initially an allusion to the intellectual and other forms of enlightenment, then Paris being the first city to introduce electric city lights.
Friday, December 3, 2010
The Poor People of Paris
Being one of the most sung about cities, there is no shortage of odes old and new to Paris. Here's one, humorous, 'cute' song of pity directed toward the "poor people of Paris' by none other than "Dino", Dean Martin - who by the way has another great version of 'la vie en rose' sung in English. They don't make them like this anymore! Enjoy...
Oh, and the lyrics are included below!:
Dean Martin-The Poor People of Paris
Just got back from Paris, France
All they do is sing and dance
All they got there is romance
What a tragedy....
Every boulevard has lovers
Every lover's in a trance
The poor people of Paris
I feel sorry for the French
Every guy has got a wench
Every couple's got a bench, kissing shamelessly
Night and day they're making music
While they're making love in French
The poor people of Paris
Milk or water from a sink
Make a true Parisian shrink
Wine is all he'll ever drink
And it worries me....
For with wine as cheap as water
Oh it makes one stop and think
The poor people of Paris
Sister met a boy named Pierre
Had the craziest love affair
And the day after they parted there
He cried bitterly....
Pierre was there to bid her farewell
But he brought his new girl Claire
The poor people of Paris....
So don't go to Paris, France
Not unless you'd like a dance
Not unless you want romance
Like those poor inhabitants, of Paris....
In the meantime, I got to hurry back there
I, I think I forgot something....
Thursday, December 2, 2010
Katherine Jenkins, la vie en rose (Live)!
"La vie en rose" is perhaps one of those Edith Piaf 'staples' that is easy to quickly cite to display that you have some sort of knoweldge of French music and its key historical figures. earlier this year, this blogger stumbled across a strong contender for the richest, highly textured rendition of the Piaf classic, performed by "chantrice'. Katherine Jenkins. She does an amazing job of remaking the classic and in this TV appearance that I just stumbled upon - she delivers a great performance.
In our weekly French lesson, "la vie en rose' came as highly recommended for French beginners serious about learning how to learn French conjugations through 'chansons'. Great pedagogical tool this one!
Wednesday, December 1, 2010
French: Gender lines blurred in language as in life
The battle to grasp the basics of French continues - with an impending french exam around the corner. It is evident that the rules that determine what is feminine or masculine in French are very murky. Now, Noam Chomsky and other famous linguists before i have long posited that there is a clear linkage between language and how people think - and well, id the gender confusion that is so embedded in the French language is any reflection of an actual blurry distinction between male and female in France: all i can say is that this must be a very confusing place for straight women to clearly tell who in the fish pond is straight, gay or taken. A rudimentary look aound Paris also seems to confirm it: that as in the French language itself, the rules of gender are very much blurred! :-) It's often hard to tell the social gender simply by looking at Parisian men in particular. Historian Alistair Horne even identifies this ambiguity as far back as the middle ages where men he asserts were prone to wear saucy, short pants that even revealed part of their tender hind sections- and distinctly more jewelry than their women folk. As it was back then, the gender lines are as blurred in language as in life.
( For practical purposes, I stumbled across a resource on masculine and feminine words in French - click on the heading above)
Comparative Politics Class – Why political institutions don’t matter that much.
I am currently working on a paper for a comparative politics class – and in it I wrestle with the broader question of why certain states so easily achieve remarkable policy change – and others continue to flounder.
There are the well -worn perspectives that perhaps it all boils down to the quality, maturity and strength of a country’s institutions. From this perspective, the older, more stable political systems with tried and tested – resilient – institutions are more well positioned to deliver progressive legislation and place impressive policy reform into motion.
It’s an interesting perspective – and instinctively, it makes sense. If you take a rudimentary look around, and contrast say Mozambican institutions that are relatively new and fragile – when contrasted with say France, on the other hand whose constitutional history spans across the decades. It seems commonsensical to conclude that the older, the more mature a country is – the better quality of legislation and the more progressive such countries are likely to be:
Several examples bear this point of view out: France on the one hand, has managed to create progressive legislation in the fields of energy, on various social issues and boasts one of the world’s most progressive social protection systems.
Yet, as with any other theoretical perspective – this view is not infallible. At the beginning of this century, South Africa was a fragile, new democracy with untested new institutions and a constitution fresh out of the oven and a court wet around the ears mandated to safeguard that same constitution.
Nonetheless, despite it’s immaturity and lack of experience, South Africa managed to progress to be one of the most liberal and progressive constitutional systems – affording its citizens an advanced set of rights to allow for same sex unions among other aspects. Whereas, taking the example of France – similar legislation has been somewhat less progressive. French same sex couples enjoy markedly less rights in contrast to their South African counterparts.
The question then is how does this occur? How does a new, fragile institutional framework as academic wonks call it, produce an inconsistently progressive legislation?
It boils down not to the availability or strength of institutions – but it rather has more to do with incentives. And not just incentives, but it is a result of how compatible incentives are of institutions – and of a given policy reform. It does not matter how strong institutions are – all that matters is whether institutions have incentives to implement a reform that are compatible with advocacy groups calling for a given reform. This is how South Africa, a young democracy mages to have such a liberal approach to certain social issues, where an older democracy like France seems to flounder. The incentives to reform are too disparate and irreconcilable.
This should have implications on how we perceive calls for change – it is not a function of power and institutions – but of incentives and motivation.
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